Showing results by publisher "Tantor Audio" in History & Culture
-
-
Failure Is Not an Option
- Mission Control from Mercury to Apollo 13 and Beyond
- By: Gene Kranz
- Narrated by: Danny Campbell
- Length: 18 hrs and 14 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall781
-
Performance659
-
Story659
Gene Kranz was present at the creation of America's manned space program and was a key player in it for three decades. As a flight director in NASA's Mission Control, Kranz witnessed firsthand the making of history. He participated in the space program from the early days of the Mercury program to the last Apollo mission, and beyond. He endured the disastrous first years when rockets blew up and the United States seemed to fall further behind the Soviet Union in the space race.
-
-
Interesting for the enthusiast
- By R King on 21-03-14
Preview -
Failure Is Not an Option
- Mission Control from Mercury to Apollo 13 and Beyond
- Narrated by: Danny Campbell
- Length: 18 hrs and 14 mins
- Release date: 29-08-11
- Language: English
Failed to add items
Sorry, we are unable to add the item because your shopping cart is already at capacity.Add to basket failed.
Please try again laterAdd to wishlist failed.
Please try again laterRemove from wishlist failed.
Please try again laterAdding to library failed
Please try againFollow podcast failed
Unfollow podcast failed
£17.93 or free with trial. Auto-renews at £5.99/month after trial. See eligibility.
-
-
-
Block by Block
- The Historical and Theoretical Foundations of Thermodynamics
- By: Robert T. Hanlon
- Narrated by: Paul Heitsch
- Length: 33 hrs and 47 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall4
-
Performance4
-
Story4
Block by Block offers an original perspective on thermodynamic science and history based on the three approaches of a practicing engineer, academician, and historian. The book synthesizes and gathers into one accessible volume a strategic range of foundational topics involving the atomic theory, energy, entropy, and the laws of thermodynamics.
-
-
A real tour de force
- By Ged123 on 07-05-26
Preview -
Block by Block
- The Historical and Theoretical Foundations of Thermodynamics
- Narrated by: Paul Heitsch
- Length: 33 hrs and 47 mins
- Release date: 27-10-20
- Language: English
Failed to add items
Sorry, we are unable to add the item because your shopping cart is already at capacity.Add to basket failed.
Please try again laterAdd to wishlist failed.
Please try again laterRemove from wishlist failed.
Please try again laterAdding to library failed
Please try againFollow podcast failed
Unfollow podcast failed
£20.23 or free with trial. Auto-renews at £5.99/month after trial. See eligibility.
-
-
-
Digital Apollo
- Human and Machine in Spaceflight
- By: David A. Mindell
- Narrated by: Kyle Tait
- Length: 13 hrs and 36 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall18
-
Performance17
-
Story17
Digital Apollo examines the design and execution of each of the six Apollo moon landings, drawing on transcripts and data telemetry from the flights, astronaut interviews, and NASA's extensive archives. Mindell's exploration of how human pilots and automated systems worked together to achieve the ultimate in flight - a lunar landing - traces and reframes the debate over the future of humans and automation in space.
-
-
Fascinating insight- painful listening experience
- By Spice on 23-01-20
Preview -
Digital Apollo
- Human and Machine in Spaceflight
- Narrated by: Kyle Tait
- Length: 13 hrs and 36 mins
- Release date: 19-03-19
- Language: English
Failed to add items
Sorry, we are unable to add the item because your shopping cart is already at capacity.Add to basket failed.
Please try again laterAdd to wishlist failed.
Please try again laterRemove from wishlist failed.
Please try again laterAdding to library failed
Please try againFollow podcast failed
Unfollow podcast failed
£14.38 or free with trial. Auto-renews at £5.99/month after trial. See eligibility.
-
-
-
Replay
- The History of Video Games
- By: Tristan Donovan, Richard Garriott
- Narrated by: Gary Furlong
- Length: 15 hrs and 15 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall133
-
Performance117
-
Story114
A riveting account of the birth and remarkable evolution of the most important development in entertainment since television, Replay is the ultimate history of video games. From its origins in the research labs of the 1940s to the groundbreaking success of the Wii, Replay sheds new light on gaming's past.
-
-
it's pronounced Zed Ex.. not Zee Ex. garrrrrrggghh
- By Lord KarlosFandango on 16-10-18
Preview -
Replay
- The History of Video Games
- Narrated by: Gary Furlong
- Length: 15 hrs and 15 mins
- Release date: 06-06-17
- Language: English
Failed to add items
Sorry, we are unable to add the item because your shopping cart is already at capacity.Add to basket failed.
Please try again laterAdd to wishlist failed.
Please try again laterRemove from wishlist failed.
Please try again laterAdding to library failed
Please try againFollow podcast failed
Unfollow podcast failed
£15.61 or free with trial. Auto-renews at £5.99/month after trial. See eligibility.
-
-
-
Wizard
- The Life and Times of Nikola Tesla: Biography of a Genius
- By: Marc J. Seifer
- Narrated by: Simon Prebble
- Length: 22 hrs and 13 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall174
-
Performance150
-
Story147
Nikola Tesla (1856-1943), credited as the inspiration for radio, robots, and even radar, has been called the patron saint of modern electricity. Based on original material and previously unavailable documents, this acclaimed book is the definitive biography of the man considered by many to be the founding father of modern electrical technology.
-
-
Excellent
- By Hari Karam Singh on 16-06-15
Preview -
Wizard
- The Life and Times of Nikola Tesla: Biography of a Genius
- Narrated by: Simon Prebble
- Length: 22 hrs and 13 mins
- Release date: 07-11-11
- Language: English
Failed to add items
Sorry, we are unable to add the item because your shopping cart is already at capacity.Add to basket failed.
Please try again laterAdd to wishlist failed.
Please try again laterRemove from wishlist failed.
Please try again laterAdding to library failed
Please try againFollow podcast failed
Unfollow podcast failed
£22.08 or free with trial. Auto-renews at £5.99/month after trial. See eligibility.
-
-
-
Moon Shot
- The Inside Story of America's Apollo Moon Landings
- By: Alan Shepard, Deke Slayton, Jay Barbree, and others
- Narrated by: Christopher Grove
- Length: 13 hrs and 55 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall87
-
Performance77
-
Story77
On October 4, 1957, the Soviet Union launched Sputnik I, and the space race was born. Desperate to beat the Russians into space, NASA put together a crew of the nation's most daring test pilots: the seven men who were to lead America to the moon. The first into space was Alan Shepard; the last was Deke Slayton, whose irregular heartbeat kept him grounded until 1975. They spent the 1960s at the forefront of NASA's effort to conquer space, and Moon Shot is their inside account of what many call the 20th century's greatest feat - landing humans on another world.
-
-
Amazing....until the final three chapters
- By Wayne O'Brien on 19-10-20
Preview -
Moon Shot
- The Inside Story of America's Apollo Moon Landings
- Narrated by: Christopher Grove
- Length: 13 hrs and 55 mins
- Release date: 07-05-19
- Language: English
Failed to add items
Sorry, we are unable to add the item because your shopping cart is already at capacity.Add to basket failed.
Please try again laterAdd to wishlist failed.
Please try again laterRemove from wishlist failed.
Please try again laterAdding to library failed
Please try againFollow podcast failed
Unfollow podcast failed
£15.28 or free with trial. Auto-renews at £5.99/month after trial. See eligibility.
-
-
-
The Victorian Internet
- The Remarkable Story of the Telegraph and the Nineteenth Century's On-line Pioneers
- By: Tom Standage
- Narrated by: Derek Perkins
- Length: 5 hrs and 22 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall27
-
Performance24
-
Story24
The Victorian Internet tells the colorful story of the telegraph's creation and remarkable impact and of the visionaries, oddballs, and eccentrics who pioneered it, from eighteenth-century French scientist Jean-Antoine Nollet to Samuel F. B. Morse and Thomas Edison. The electric telegraph nullified distance and shrank the world quicker and further than ever before or since, and its story mirrors and predicts that of the Internet in numerous ways.
-
-
Everything comes in cycles
- By Ronan on 22-04-15
Preview -
The Victorian Internet
- The Remarkable Story of the Telegraph and the Nineteenth Century's On-line Pioneers
- Narrated by: Derek Perkins
- Length: 5 hrs and 22 mins
- Release date: 24-03-15
- Language: English
Failed to add items
Sorry, we are unable to add the item because your shopping cart is already at capacity.Add to basket failed.
Please try again laterAdd to wishlist failed.
Please try again laterRemove from wishlist failed.
Please try again laterAdding to library failed
Please try againFollow podcast failed
Unfollow podcast failed
£11.61 or free with trial. Auto-renews at £5.99/month after trial. See eligibility.
-
-
-
Truth, Lies, and O-Rings
- Inside the Space Shuttle Challenger Disaster
- By: Allan J. McDonald, James R. Hansen - contributor
- Narrated by: Jonathan Yen
- Length: 26 hrs and 32 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall73
-
Performance64
-
Story64
On a cold January morning in 1986, NASA launched the Space Shuttle Challenger, despite warnings against doing so by many individuals including Allan McDonald. The fiery destruction of Challenger on live television moments after launch remains an indelible image in the nation's collective memory. In Truth, Lies, and O-Rings, McDonald, a skilled engineer and executive, relives the tragedy from where he stood at Launch Control Center.
-
-
A dull, bitter man describes meetings
- By David B. on 20-02-19
Preview -
Truth, Lies, and O-Rings
- Inside the Space Shuttle Challenger Disaster
- Narrated by: Jonathan Yen
- Length: 26 hrs and 32 mins
- Release date: 07-08-18
- Language: English
Failed to add items
Sorry, we are unable to add the item because your shopping cart is already at capacity.Add to basket failed.
Please try again laterAdd to wishlist failed.
Please try again laterRemove from wishlist failed.
Please try again laterAdding to library failed
Please try againFollow podcast failed
Unfollow podcast failed
£22.72 or free with trial. Auto-renews at £5.99/month after trial. See eligibility.
-
-
-
The Future of Money
- How the Digital Revolution Is Transforming Currencies and Finance
- By: Eswar S. Prasad
- Narrated by: Stephen R. Thorne
- Length: 19 hrs and 46 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall34
-
Performance29
-
Story29
Eswar Prasad explains the world of finance is at the threshold of major disruption that will affect corporations, bankers, states, and indeed all of us. The transformation of money will fundamentally rewrite how ordinary people live. Above all, Prasad foresees the end of physical cash. The driving force won't be phones or credit cards but rather central banks, spurred by the emergence of cryptocurrencies to develop their own, more stable digital currencies.
-
-
Comprehensive
- By Mihaita Cojocaru on 08-03-25
Preview -
The Future of Money
- How the Digital Revolution Is Transforming Currencies and Finance
- Narrated by: Stephen R. Thorne
- Length: 19 hrs and 46 mins
- Release date: 26-10-21
- Language: English
Failed to add items
Sorry, we are unable to add the item because your shopping cart is already at capacity.Add to basket failed.
Please try again laterAdd to wishlist failed.
Please try again laterRemove from wishlist failed.
Please try again laterAdding to library failed
Please try againFollow podcast failed
Unfollow podcast failed
£18.58 or free with trial. Auto-renews at £5.99/month after trial. See eligibility.
-
-
-
A Triumph of Genius
- Edwin Land, Polaroid, and the Kodak Patent War
- By: Ronald K. Fierstein
- Narrated by: Pete Larkin
- Length: 24 hrs and 15 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall11
-
Performance7
-
Story7
This riveting biography from the American Bar Association visits the spectacular life of Edwin Land, breakthrough inventor. At the time of his death, he stood third on the list of our most prolific inventors, behind only Thomas Edison and one of Edison's colleagues. Land's most famous achievement was the creation of a revolutionary film-and-camera system that could produce a photographic print moments after the picture was taken.
-
-
Needed to know
- By arcos on 30-07-25
Preview -
A Triumph of Genius
- Edwin Land, Polaroid, and the Kodak Patent War
- Narrated by: Pete Larkin
- Length: 24 hrs and 15 mins
- Release date: 17-02-15
- Language: English
Failed to add items
Sorry, we are unable to add the item because your shopping cart is already at capacity.Add to basket failed.
Please try again laterAdd to wishlist failed.
Please try again laterRemove from wishlist failed.
Please try again laterAdding to library failed
Please try againFollow podcast failed
Unfollow podcast failed
£22.66 or free with trial. Auto-renews at £5.99/month after trial. See eligibility.
-
-
-
Design Justice
- Community-Led Practices to Build the Worlds We Need
- By: Sasha Costanza-Chock
- Narrated by: Megan Tusing
- Length: 10 hrs and 18 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall5
-
Performance4
-
Story4
This book explores the theory and practice of design justice, demonstrates how universalist design principles and practices erase certain groups of people - specifically, those who are intersectionally disadvantaged or multiply burdened under the matrix of domination (white supremacist heteropatriarchy, ableism, capitalism, and settler colonialism) - and invites listeners to "build a better world, a world where many worlds fit; linked worlds of collective liberation and ecological sustainability".
Preview -
Design Justice
- Community-Led Practices to Build the Worlds We Need
- Narrated by: Megan Tusing
- Length: 10 hrs and 18 mins
- Release date: 24-08-21
- Language: English
Failed to add items
Sorry, we are unable to add the item because your shopping cart is already at capacity.Add to basket failed.
Please try again laterAdd to wishlist failed.
Please try again laterRemove from wishlist failed.
Please try again laterAdding to library failed
Please try againFollow podcast failed
Unfollow podcast failed
£14.51 or free with trial. Auto-renews at £5.99/month after trial. See eligibility.
-
-
-
The Ethics of Invention
- Technology and the Human Future
- By: Sheila Jasanoff
- Narrated by: Jo Anna Perrin
- Length: 9 hrs and 53 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall6
-
Performance6
-
Story6
Technology rules us as much as laws do. It shapes the legal, social, and ethical environments in which we act. Every time we cross a street, drive a car, or go to the doctor, we submit to the silent power of technology. Yet, much of the time, the influence of technology on our lives goes unchallenged by citizens and our elected representatives. Our embrace of novel technological pathways, Sheila Jasanoff shows, leads to a complex interplay among technology, ethics, and human rights.
Preview -
The Ethics of Invention
- Technology and the Human Future
- Narrated by: Jo Anna Perrin
- Length: 9 hrs and 53 mins
- Release date: 25-10-16
- Language: English
Failed to add items
Sorry, we are unable to add the item because your shopping cart is already at capacity.Add to basket failed.
Please try again laterAdd to wishlist failed.
Please try again laterRemove from wishlist failed.
Please try again laterAdding to library failed
Please try againFollow podcast failed
Unfollow podcast failed
£13.84 or free with trial. Auto-renews at £5.99/month after trial. See eligibility.
-
-
-
The AI Delusion
- By: Gary Smith
- Narrated by: Eric Michael Summerer
- Length: 8 hrs and 40 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall13
-
Performance10
-
Story10
We live in an incredible period in history. The computer revolution may be even more life-changing than the Industrial Revolution. We can do things with computers that could never be done before, and computers can do things for us that could never be done before. But our love of computers should not cloud our thinking about their limitations. The AI Delusion explains why we should not be intimidated into thinking that computers are infallible, that data-mining is knowledge discovery, and that black boxes should be trusted.
-
-
Good counter to the current AI hype
- By JCM on 24-05-23
Preview -
The AI Delusion
- Narrated by: Eric Michael Summerer
- Length: 8 hrs and 40 mins
- Release date: 27-11-18
- Language: English
Failed to add items
Sorry, we are unable to add the item because your shopping cart is already at capacity.Add to basket failed.
Please try again laterAdd to wishlist failed.
Please try again laterRemove from wishlist failed.
Please try again laterAdding to library failed
Please try againFollow podcast failed
Unfollow podcast failed
£13.86 or free with trial. Auto-renews at £5.99/month after trial. See eligibility.
-
-
-
Writing on the Wall
- Social Media: The First 2,000 Years
- By: Tom Standage
- Narrated by: Simon Vance
- Length: 10 hrs
- Unabridged
-
Overall10
-
Performance9
-
Story9
Papyrus rolls and Twitter have much in common, as each was their generation's signature means of "instant" communication. Indeed, as Tom Standage reveals in his scintillating new audiobook, social media is anything but a new phenomenon. From the papyrus letters that Roman statesmen used to exchange news across the Empire to the advent of hand-printed tracts of the Reformation to the pamphlets that spread propaganda during the American and French revolutions, Standage chronicles the increasingly sophisticated ways people shared information with each other....
-
-
Still worth a read a decade on
- By JCM on 13-08-24
Preview -
Writing on the Wall
- Social Media: The First 2,000 Years
- Narrated by: Simon Vance
- Length: 10 hrs
- Release date: 15-10-13
- Language: English
Failed to add items
Sorry, we are unable to add the item because your shopping cart is already at capacity.Add to basket failed.
Please try again laterAdd to wishlist failed.
Please try again laterRemove from wishlist failed.
Please try again laterAdding to library failed
Please try againFollow podcast failed
Unfollow podcast failed
£14.11 or free with trial. Auto-renews at £5.99/month after trial. See eligibility.
-
-
-
Empire of the Sum
- The Rise and Reign of the Pocket Calculator
- By: Keith Houston
- Narrated by: Elliot Fitzpatrick
- Length: 9 hrs and 7 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall1
-
Performance1
-
Story1
Starting with hands, abacus, and slide rule, humans have always reached for tools to simplify math. Pocket-sized calculators ushered in modern mathematics, helped build the atomic bomb, took us to the bottom of the ocean, and accompanied us to the moon. The pocket calculator changed our world, until it was supplanted by more modern devices that, in a cruel twist of irony, it helped to create. Keith Houston transports listeners from the nascent economies of the ancient world to World War II, and into the technological arms race that led to the first affordable electronic pocket calculators.
Preview -
Empire of the Sum
- The Rise and Reign of the Pocket Calculator
- Narrated by: Elliot Fitzpatrick
- Length: 9 hrs and 7 mins
- Release date: 31-10-23
- Language: English
Failed to add items
Sorry, we are unable to add the item because your shopping cart is already at capacity.Add to basket failed.
Please try again laterAdd to wishlist failed.
Please try again laterRemove from wishlist failed.
Please try again laterAdding to library failed
Please try againFollow podcast failed
Unfollow podcast failed
£14.24 or free with trial. Auto-renews at £5.99/month after trial. See eligibility.
-
-
-
Power to the People
- How Open Technological Innovation is Arming Tomorrow's Terrorists
- By: Audrey Kurth Cronin
- Narrated by: Teri Schnaubelt
- Length: 12 hrs and 40 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall0
-
Performance0
-
Story0
As Audrey Kurth Cronin explains in Power to the People, what we are seeing now is an exacerbation of an age-old trend. Over the centuries, the most surprising developments in warfare have occurred because of advances in technologies combined with changes in who can use them. Indeed, accessible innovations in destructive force have long driven new patterns of political violence. When Nobel invented dynamite and Kalashnikov designed the AK-47, each inadvertently spurred terrorist and insurgent movements that killed millions and upended the international system.
Preview -
Power to the People
- How Open Technological Innovation is Arming Tomorrow's Terrorists
- Narrated by: Teri Schnaubelt
- Length: 12 hrs and 40 mins
- Release date: 10-03-20
- Language: English
Failed to add items
Sorry, we are unable to add the item because your shopping cart is already at capacity.Add to basket failed.
Please try again laterAdd to wishlist failed.
Please try again laterRemove from wishlist failed.
Please try again laterAdding to library failed
Please try againFollow podcast failed
Unfollow podcast failed
£15.06 or free with trial. Auto-renews at £5.99/month after trial. See eligibility.
-
-
-
Empire of the Air
- The Men Who Made Radio
- By: Tom Lewis
- Narrated by: Chris Sorensen
- Length: 20 hrs and 17 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall1
-
Performance1
-
Story1
Empire of the Air tells the story of three American visionaries - Lee de Forest, Edwin Howard Armstrong, and David Sarnoff - whose imagination and dreams turned a hobbyist's toy into radio, launching the modern communications age. Tom Lewis weaves the story of these men and their achievements into a richly detailed and moving narrative that spans the first half of the 20th century, a time when the American romance with science and technology was at its peak.
-
-
Had to stop listening
- By seaside terminator on 19-04-23
Preview -
Empire of the Air
- The Men Who Made Radio
- Narrated by: Chris Sorensen
- Length: 20 hrs and 17 mins
- Release date: 14-09-21
- Language: English
Failed to add items
Sorry, we are unable to add the item because your shopping cart is already at capacity.Add to basket failed.
Please try again laterAdd to wishlist failed.
Please try again laterRemove from wishlist failed.
Please try again laterAdding to library failed
Please try againFollow podcast failed
Unfollow podcast failed
£22.72 or free with trial. Auto-renews at £5.99/month after trial. See eligibility.
-
-
-
New Laws of Robotics
- Defending Human Expertise in the Age of AI
- By: Frank Pasquale
- Narrated by: Perry Daniels
- Length: 11 hrs and 3 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall2
-
Performance1
-
Story1
Too many CEOs tell a simple story about the future of work: If a machine can do what you do, your job will be automated. They envision everyone from doctors to soldiers rendered superfluous by ever-more-powerful AI. They offer stark alternatives: Make robots, or be replaced by them. Another story is possible. In virtually every walk of life, robotic systems can make labor more valuable, not less. Frank Pasquale tells the story of nurses, teachers, designers, and others who partner with technologists, rather than meekly serving as data sources for their computerized replacements.
Preview -
New Laws of Robotics
- Defending Human Expertise in the Age of AI
- Narrated by: Perry Daniels
- Length: 11 hrs and 3 mins
- Release date: 06-04-21
- Language: English
Failed to add items
Sorry, we are unable to add the item because your shopping cart is already at capacity.Add to basket failed.
Please try again laterAdd to wishlist failed.
Please try again laterRemove from wishlist failed.
Please try again laterAdding to library failed
Please try againFollow podcast failed
Unfollow podcast failed
£14.66 or free with trial. Auto-renews at £5.99/month after trial. See eligibility.
-
-
-
Crossed Wires
- The Conflicted History of US Telecommunications, from the Post Office to the Internet
- By: Dan Schiller
- Narrated by: Christopher Douyard
- Length: 32 hrs and 19 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall0
-
Performance0
-
Story0
Dan Schiller, who has conducted archival research on United States telecommunications for more than forty years, recovers the extraordinary social history of the major network systems of the United States. Drawing on arrays of archival documents and secondary sources, Schiller reveals that this history has been shaped by sharp social and political conflict and is embedded in the larger history of an expansionary United States political economy.
Preview -
Crossed Wires
- The Conflicted History of US Telecommunications, from the Post Office to the Internet
- Narrated by: Christopher Douyard
- Length: 32 hrs and 19 mins
- Release date: 23-05-23
- Language: English
Failed to add items
Sorry, we are unable to add the item because your shopping cart is already at capacity.Add to basket failed.
Please try again laterAdd to wishlist failed.
Please try again laterRemove from wishlist failed.
Please try again laterAdding to library failed
Please try againFollow podcast failed
Unfollow podcast failed
£23.03 or free with trial. Auto-renews at £5.99/month after trial. See eligibility.
-
-
-
Films from the Future
- The Technology and Morality of Sci-Fi Movies
- By: Andrew Maynard
- Narrated by: Matthew Waterson
- Length: 10 hrs and 41 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall4
-
Performance3
-
Story3
Former physicist Andrew Maynard threads together his love of science-fiction movies with his expertise on emerging technologies to engage, entertain, and make you think about the relationship between technology and society. Through the imagination and creativity of science-fiction movies, Maynard introduces listeners to the profound capabilities presented by new and emerging technologies, and the complex personal and societal challenges they present.
-
-
Fantastically brilliant!
- By Anonymous on 15-02-19
Preview -
Films from the Future
- The Technology and Morality of Sci-Fi Movies
- Narrated by: Matthew Waterson
- Length: 10 hrs and 41 mins
- Release date: 15-11-18
- Language: English
Failed to add items
Sorry, we are unable to add the item because your shopping cart is already at capacity.Add to basket failed.
Please try again laterAdd to wishlist failed.
Please try again laterRemove from wishlist failed.
Please try again laterAdding to library failed
Please try againFollow podcast failed
Unfollow podcast failed
£14.13 or free with trial. Auto-renews at £5.99/month after trial. See eligibility.
-