West Europe

How did "the West" come to be used as a collective self-designation signaling political and cultural commonality? Was the idea handed down from the ancient Greeks, or coined by nineteenth-century imperialists? Neither, writes Georgios Varouxakis in The West, his ambitious and fascinating genealogy of the idea. "The West" was not used by Plato, Cicero, Locke, Mill, or other canonized figures of what we today call the Western tradition. It was not first wielded by empire-builders.

The Decline of the West - Volume 1 published in 1917, Volume 2 in 1922 - has exercised and challenged opinion ever since. It was a huge undertaking by Oswald Spengler (1880-1936), formerly an unpublished historian and philosopher who set out to radically reconsider history - the rise and fall of world civilisations and their cultures. His primary view was to reject the established Eurocentric paradigm (ancient/classical, Medieval - and, following the Renaissance - modern) and to take a totally new perspective.

In medieval Europe, Jews were not passive victims of the Christian community, as is often assumed, but rather were startlingly assertive, forming a Jewish civilization within Latin Christian society. Both Jews and Christians considered themselves to be God's chosen people. These dueling claims fueled the rise of both cultures as they became rivals for supremacy. In How the West Became Antisemitic, Ivan Marcus shows how Christian and Jewish competition in medieval Europe laid the foundation for modern antisemitism.

England in the Age of Chivalry … and Awful Diseases covers the events, personages, and ideas most commonly known as “medieval.” This includes Geoffrey Chaucer, the peasants revolt, the Scottish Wars of Independence, the Great Famine of 1315, the Black Death, and the 100 Years War. Central to this time is King Edward III, who started the 100 Years War and defined the concept of chivalry, including England’s order of the garter. His legacy continues to shape our view of England’s history and is crucial in understanding the development of Europe.

From the comfortable distance of seven decades, it is quite easy to view the victory of the Allies over Hitler's Germany as inevitable. But in 1940 Great Britain's defeat loomed perilously close, and no other nation stepped up to confront the Nazi threat. In this cogently argued book, Robin Prior delves into the documents of the time - war diaries, combat reports, Home Security's daily files, and much more - to uncover how Britain endured a year of menacing crises.

The tenth century dawned in violence and disorder. Charlemagne’s empire was in ruins, most of Spain had been claimed by Moorish invaders, and even the papacy in Rome was embroiled in petty, provincial conflicts. To many historians, it was a prime example of the ignorance and uncertainty of the Dark Ages. Yet according to historian Paul Collins, the story of the tenth century is the story of our culture’s birth, of the emergence of our civilization into the light of day.

Whether a visitor to, or a native of, the great and ancient metropolis of London, the listener will be drawn in by this book's strange and sometimes horrendous tales about this global melting pot of a city. It discusses in detail some of the demons, ghosts, and life-essence stealers who inhabit London's netherworld and call it their home. This book's tales of hauntings and terror deal exclusively with that hugely haunted area of London known as the West End which has the famous Piccadilly Circus at its centre.

Looking to dive into the heart of London's most cherished performing art scene, the dazzling West End? If yes, you've come to the right place. Uncover the fascinating story of its evolution! Did you know that the first theatre in the West End was established in the 16th century and was simply dubbed "The Theatre"? This doesn't even scratch the surface regarding the captivating history that shaped this iconic theater district.

The French Revolution in San Domingo by Lothrop Stoddard is a captivating and meticulously researched classic that vividly chronicles the dramatic, horrifying chaos of France's richest colony during the revolutionary pandemonium of the 1790s. Once known as San Domingue (Santo Domingo), the prosperous French-speaking portion of the island eventually became the independent nation of Haiti at the end of the revolutionary period.

Fresh off a breakup with her cheating Italian boyfriend in Como, 24-year-old New Yorker Jayne is emotionally fried and financially...let’s just say her wallet is crying in five languages. She’s got two options: fly home to Manhattan and face her sister’s smug “I told you so,” or stick it out in the land of la dolce chaos and chase her fashion dreams.

A fitting capstone for this comprehensive series, this sixth and final installment imparts a learned understanding of the forces that shaped - and continue to shape - Western culture.

Fractured Continent is an urgent examination of how the political and social volatility in Europe impacts the United States and the rest of the world. The dream of a United States of Europe is unraveling in the wake of several crises now afflicting the continent. The single Euro currency threatens to break apart amid bitter arguments between rich northern creditors and poor southern debtors.

Una lectura imprescindible para descifrar los orígenes de la guerra en Ucrania y la frágil situación de Europa del Este.

Greater Than a Tourist: West Yorkshire, Leeds, England by Terry W. Ngurani offers the inside scoop on Leeds. As a part of the Greater Than a Tourist series, this audiobook will give you tips from someone who lives at your next travel destination. You'll discover local advice that will help you throughout your trip. Travel like a local. Slow down and get to know the people and the culture of a place. By the time you finish this audiobook, you will be eager and prepared to travel to your next destination.

This book was originally planned to be about people, places and events in beautiful Kintyre but, like Topsy, “it just growed”—northwards and southwards—eventually including tales from Norway and the entire west coast of Scotland, down as far as the Irish Sea. Events in time vary from the reality of the present-day, sweeping back into history, and including Myth and Legend from our ancient Celtic heritage. There is humour and, inevitably, pathos as well as the happenings of every-day life—naturally occurring ingredients from the comedy and tragedy of every nation’s story.

By the mid-15th century, the Byzantine Empire had collapsed and the various Crusades that had taken place in the region had largely disrupted the overland routes of the Silk Road and trade. Compounding the difficulties of trade was the rise of the Ottoman Empire in place of the Byzantines and the outbreak of the Black Death in Europe. This audiobook chronicles the early efforts by the Portuguese that helped initiate the Age of Exploration, and the ramifications the colonization had across the world.

The European continent was devastated in the wake of World War II, and the conflict left the Soviet Union and the United States as uncontested superpowers. This ushered in over 45 years of the Cold War, and a political alignment of Western democracies against the Communist Soviet bloc that produced conflicts pitting allies on each sides fighting, even as the American and Soviet militaries never engaged each other.

Einleitung - Die unsichtbaren Mauern. Stell dir vor, du wachst in einem Land auf, das gerade einen der monumentalsten Momente seiner Geschichte erlebt hat. Es ist der 9. November 1989, und du stehst vor der Berliner Mauer, die plötzlich ihre unüberwindbare Macht verloren hat. Menschen klettern über die Mauer, tanzen auf ihr, umarmen sich und feiern das Ende einer fast drei Jahrzehnte währenden Trennung. Doch obwohl die Mauer in dieser Nacht gefallen ist, sind die Spuren der Trennung und die Narben der Teilung in den Herzen und Köpfen der Menschen geblieben.

In the wake of World War II, the European continent was devastated, and the conflict left the Soviet Union and the United States as uncontested superpowers. This ushered in over 45 years of the Cold War, and a political alignment of Western democracies against the Communist Soviet bloc that produced conflicts pitting allies on each sides fighting. By the 1960s, East Germany was pushing for a solution to the problem of an enclave of freedom within its borders. West Berlin was a haven for highly-educated East Germans who wanted freedom and a better life in the West.

In 1765, as the Stamp Act riled eastern seaports, frontiersmen clashed with the British Empire over another issue: Indian relations. When British officials launched a diplomatic expedition into the American interior to open trade with the Indian warrior Pontiac, the Black Boys formed to stop it and led an uprising that threatened the future of Britain's empire. Clashing with traders, diplomats, Native warriors, and imperious British officials, the Black Boys evolved into an organized political movement that resisted the Crown years before the Declaration of Independence.