Genesis 50 is the last chapter of the book of Genesis, bringing closure to the account of Joseph and the patriarchs.

Upon Jacob's death, Joseph fell upon his father's face, weeping and kissing him. He then commanded the physicians in his service to embalm Jacob's body, a process that took forty days to complete, followed by seventy days of mourning by the Egyptians.

After the mourning period, Joseph sought permission from Pharaoh to fulfill his oath to bury Jacob in the land of Canaan, specifically in the cave of Machpelah that Abraham had bought. Pharaoh granted this request, and Joseph embarked on the journey with a great company that included Egyptian officials, elders, and all of Joseph's household, along with his brothers and their father's household. Only the young children and flocks remained in Goshen. When they reached the threshing floor of Atad beyond the Jordan, they held a great and solemn lamentation for seven days.

The burial took place as Jacob had requested, in the cave of Machpelah in the field that Abraham had bought from Ephron the Hittite as a burial site. After fulfilling their father's wishes, Joseph and his brothers returned to Egypt. But Jacob's death brought concern to Joseph's brothers, who feared that, without their father's presence, Joseph might finally seek revenge for their past betrayal when they sold him into slavery years before. They sent word to Joseph, claiming that Jacob had instructed them before his death to ask Joseph to forgive their wrongdoing.

When Joseph’s brothers came and fell before him, offering to be his servants, Joseph wept and reassured them: "Fear not: for am I in the place of God? But as for you, ye thought evil against me; but God meant it unto good." He spoke kindly to them and comforted them.

Joseph lived to see his great-grandchildren and died at the age of 110 years. Before his death, he reminded his brothers of God's promise to bring their descendants back to the promised land, saying, "God will surely visit you, and bring you out of this land unto the land which he sware to Abraham, to Isaac, and to Jacob."

Joseph made the children of Israel swear an oath that, when God would lead them out of Egypt, they would carry his bones with them. After his death, Joseph's body was embalmed and placed in a coffin in Egypt.

Genesis 49 contains Jacob's final blessings and prophecies over his twelve sons before his death in Egypt.

Jacob began with Reuben, his firstborn, acknowledging his natural right to preeminence but declaring that he wouldn't excel due to his instability and his sin of defiling his father's bed with Bilhah (see Genesis 35).

The next two sons, Simeon and Levi, were addressed together due to their shared violence, particularly their brutal revenge at Shechem (see Genesis 34). Jacob prophesied that they would be scattered in Israel (which historically came to pass as Simeon's territory was absorbed into Judah’s), and the Levites, though later sanctified as priests, were given no territorial inheritance but were dispersed among all the tribes.

Judah received the most significant and memorable blessing, being promised that the scepter and ruler's staff would not depart from him “until Shiloh come.” Jacob prophesied royal leadership for Judah's line, describing him as a lion's cub who would be praised by his brothers. This blessing established Judah as the kingly tribe (from which David and ultimately the Messiah would come) and included imagery of abundance and prosperity.

Zebulun was blessed with a future by the seashore and involvement in maritime trade, while Issachar was characterized as a strong donkey who would choose security and good land over freedom, becoming a servant to tribute. Dan was promised to judge his people and was described as a serpent by the roadway, suggesting both justice and cunning in warfare.

Gad would face raids but would ultimately raid in return. Asher was blessed with rich food and royal delicacies, indicating a future of prosperity. Naphtali was described as a deer set free who gives beautiful words, suggesting grace and eloquence.

Joseph received an extensive and richly detailed blessing, being called “a fruitful bough by a well; whose branches run over the wall.” Jacob acknowledged the attacks and hardships Joseph endured but declared that his bow remained steady and his arms were made strong by the mighty God of Jacob. The blessing invoked multiple names for God and promised blessings of heaven above, the deep below, and the breast and womb — culminating in Joseph being set apart from his brothers.

Finally, Benjamin was described as a ravenous wolf who devours prey in the morning and divides spoil in the evening, indicating a fierce and warlike nature for his descendants.

After completing these individual prophecies, Jacob gave final instructions about his burial, requesting to be laid to rest with his fathers in the cave of Machpelah, before drawing up his feet into the bed and breathing his last.

Genesis 48 recounts the final encounter between the aging patriarch Jacob (also called Israel) and his son Joseph, along with Joseph's two sons, Ephraim and Manasseh.

Jacob, who was nearing death, summoned Joseph to his bedside. Despite his physical weakness and failing eyesight, Jacob's spiritual authority remained strong as he prepared to pass on the covenant blessings that he himself had received from his father Isaac and grandfather Abraham.

When Joseph arrived with his two sons, Jacob formally adopted Ephraim and Manasseh as his own sons, elevating them to the same status as his other children. This adoption was significant because it meant that Joseph's lineage would receive a double portion of inheritance through his two sons, effectively making Joseph the recipient of the firstborn's blessing despite not being Jacob's oldest son. Jacob declared that these two grandsons would be counted among the tribes of Israel.

During the blessing ceremony, Joseph carefully positioned his sons so that Manasseh (the older son) was at Jacob's right hand to receive the greater blessing, while Ephraim (the younger) was at Jacob's left. But Jacob deliberately crossed his hands, placing his right hand on Ephraim's head and his left on Manasseh's, thereby giving the greater blessing to the younger grandson Ephraim. Joseph tried to correct what he assumed was his father's mistake due to poor eyesight, but Jacob insisted that his actions were intentional, prophesying that, while both sons would become great, Ephraim would surpass his older brother in prominence.

Genesis 48 concludes with Jacob's prophetic blessing over both grandsons, invoking the God of Abraham and Isaac and asking that they be blessed with fruitfulness and multiplication. Jacob spoke of his own approaching death and assured Joseph that God would take him back to Canaan, the land of promise — where Jacob wanted Joseph to bury his body after his death.

Genesis 47 continues the account of Jacob's family settling in Egypt during the severe famine.

Joseph presented five of his brothers and his father Jacob to Pharaoh. When Pharaoh asked the brothers about their occupation, they identified themselves as shepherds and requested permission to settle in the land of Goshen, explaining that the famine had devastated their homeland of Canaan. Pharaoh welcomed them warmly and instructed Joseph to settle his family in the best part of Egypt (specifically in the region of Rameses) and to put any capable men among them in charge of Pharaoh's own livestock.

Joseph then brought his father Jacob before Pharaoh for a formal introduction. The elderly patriarch blessed Pharaoh when meeting him and when leaving. When Pharaoh asked about Jacob's age, Jacob responded that he had lived 130 years, describing his life as a pilgrimage of few and difficult years that hadn't matched the lifespan of his ancestors.

As the famine deepened and people exhausted their money to buy grain, Joseph accepted their livestock as payment. When their animals were gone, the people offered their land and themselves as servants to Pharaoh in exchange for food and seed. Through this process, Joseph centralized almost all of Egypt's land ownership under Pharaoh — with the notable exception of the priests' land, which Pharaoh had decreed should remain in their possession.

Joseph established a new economic system in which the people became tenant farmers on what was formerly their own land, paying one-fifth of their harvest to Pharaoh while keeping four-fifths for themselves. The people expressed gratitude for this arrangement, recognizing that Joseph had saved their lives. Meanwhile, the Israelites lived in Goshen; "they had possessions" and "grew, and multiplied exceedingly."

Jacob lived in Egypt for seventeen years, reaching the age of 147. As his death approached, he called Joseph to him and made him swear an oath. Jacob told Joseph not to bury him in Egypt but instead to carry his body back to the burial place of his fathers in Canaan. Joseph agreed to this.

Genesis 46 recounts Jacob's journey to Egypt to reunite with his son Joseph, whom he had believed to be dead for many years.

When Jacob learned that Joseph was not only alive but also a powerful ruler in Egypt, he decided to travel there with his entire household. Before leaving, Jacob stopped at Beersheba to offer sacrifices to the God of his father Isaac, seeking God’s guidance for this big decision.

God appeared to Jacob in a vision during the night, reassuring him not to fear going down to Egypt. The Lord promised to make Jacob into a great nation while in Egypt and guaranteed that He would bring Jacob's descendants back to the promised land. God also assured Jacob that Joseph would be present to close his eyes when he died, providing comfort about his final moments.

The chapter includes a detailed genealogical record of Jacob's family members who accompanied him to Egypt. This comprehensive list includes his sons and their children, totaling seventy people from Jacob's lineage who entered Egypt. The genealogy is organized by the mothers of Jacob's children — those born to Leah, Rachel, and the two maidservants Bilhah and Zilpah — creating a complete family record.

Jacob sent Judah ahead to Joseph to get directions to Goshen, the region where they planned to settle. When Joseph learned of his family's arrival, he prepared his chariot and traveled to meet his father in Goshen. Joseph fell on his father's neck and wept for a long time, while Jacob expressed that he could now die in peace since he had seen Joseph alive again.

Genesis 46 concludes with Joseph preparing to present his family to Pharaoh. He instructed his brothers on how to respond when Pharaoh asks about their occupation, advising them to identify themselves as keepers of livestock. Joseph explained this strategy would help ensure they could settle in Goshen, as shepherds were considered an abomination to the Egyptians, which would actually work in their favor by keeping them separate and allowing them to maintain their distinct identity in their designated region.

In Genesis 45, Joseph finally revealed his identity to his brothers who had sold him into slavery years earlier. Unable to control himself any longer in the presence of his Egyptian attendants, Joseph commanded everyone except his brothers to leave the room. In this private moment, he broke down weeping so loudly that the Egyptians and Pharaoh's household could hear him from outside.

Through his tears, Joseph declared to his stunned brothers, "I am Joseph; doth my father yet live?" The brothers were so shocked and terrified that they couldn't answer him, struck speechless by the realization that the powerful Egyptian official before them was the very brother they had betrayed. Joseph, seeing their fear, gently called them closer and reassured them, explaining that, while they intended evil against him, God used their actions for good.

Joseph urged his brothers not to be angry with themselves or each other for selling him, emphasizing that God sent him ahead to Egypt to save lives. He explained that there were still five more years of famine coming and that God positioned him in Egypt to preserve their family line. In a remarkable display of forgiveness and eternal perspective, Joseph reframed their betrayal as part of God's sovereign plan to make him "a father to Pharaoh" and ruler over all Egypt.

The practical implications of this reunion quickly became apparent as Joseph instructed his brothers to return to Canaan and bring their father Jacob — along with all their families, livestock, and possessions — to settle in the land of Goshen in Egypt. Joseph promised to provide for them there during the remaining years of famine, ensuring they wouldn't become impoverished. He gave them wagons and provisions for the journey, along with changes of clothing for each brother and special gifts of silver and garments for Benjamin.

When Pharaoh learned that Joseph's brothers had come to Egypt, he enthusiastically endorsed the plan and instructed Joseph to tell his family to bring everything and that they would receive “the good of the land of Egypt.”

The brothers arrived back in Canaan and told their father, "Joseph is yet alive, and he is governor over all the land of Egypt."

Genesis 44 continues the account of Joseph testing his brothers who came to Egypt seeking grain during the famine.

Joseph instructed his steward to fill his brothers' sacks with grain and to secretly place each man's money back in his sack. Most significantly, he ordered that his personal silver cup be hidden in Benjamin's sack, the youngest brother who was Jacob's beloved son and Joseph's only full brother.

After the brothers left the city, Joseph sent his steward to pursue them with an accusation of theft. The steward confronted them about stealing his master's silver cup, which he claimed was used for divination. The brothers strongly denied the accusation and confidently declared that whoever was found with the cup should die while the rest should become slaves. However, the steward proposed a more lenient punishment: only the guilty party would become a slave while the others could go free.

When the sacks were searched from oldest to youngest, the cup was discovered in Benjamin's possession. The brothers were devastated and tore their clothes in anguish. They all returned to the city together, refusing to abandon Benjamin despite being given the opportunity to leave without him.

Back in Joseph's presence, Judah took the lead as spokesman for his brothers. He acknowledged their apparent guilt while maintaining their innocence, recognizing that God had somehow exposed their past sins. When Joseph insisted that only Benjamin needed to remain as his slave, Judah explained that their father Jacob's life was bound up with Benjamin's welfare, describing how Jacob had lost one beloved son (Joseph) and how losing Benjamin would kill him. Judah said that he couldn't bear to see his father's grief and asked to substitute himself for Benjamin so that the young man could return home.

Genesis 43 covers the famine that continued to ravage the land of Canaan, forcing Jacob's family to consider another journey to Egypt for grain. When their supplies ran low, Jacob instructed his sons to return to Egypt to buy more food. However, Judah reminded his father that the Egyptian official (whom they didn't know was Joseph) had sternly warned them not to return without their youngest brother Benjamin.

Jacob initially resisted sending Benjamin, expressing his fear of losing another beloved son after already mourning Joseph's apparent death. Judah stepped forward and offered to personally guarantee Benjamin's safety, pledging his own life as surety for his brother's return. He argued that, if they hadn’t waited, they could’ve made the trip twice already. Faced with the reality of starvation, Jacob reluctantly agreed to let Benjamin go.

Before their departure, Jacob instructed his sons to take gifts for the Egyptian ruler. He also told them to take double the money, both to pay for the new grain and to return the money that had mysteriously appeared in their sacks after their previous trip. Jacob believed this might have been an oversight that could be corrected.

When the brothers arrived in Egypt with Benjamin, Joseph saw them and instructed his steward to bring them to his house for a meal. This frightened the brothers, who assumed they were being brought to Joseph's house because of the money found in their sacks. They feared they would be accused of theft and enslaved. At the entrance to Joseph's house, they approached the steward and explained about the money, insisting they had brought it back along with additional money for more grain.

The steward reassured them, telling them not to fear and that their God must have put treasure in their sacks, as he had received their payment. He then brought their brother Simeon out to them; he had been held as a guarantee since their previous visit. As they prepared for the noon meal with Joseph, the brothers were given water to wash their feet, and their donkeys were fed.

When Joseph came home, the brothers presented their gifts and bowed down before him, again fulfilling the dreams Joseph had shared with them years earlier. Joseph asked about their welfare and specifically inquired about their elderly father. When he saw Benjamin, his youngest brother, Joseph was overcome with emotion but managed to control himself for a moment. He asked if this was their youngest brother and blessed Benjamin — and then quickly left the room to weep privately.

After composing himself, Joseph returned and ordered the meal to be served. The Egyptians ate separately from the Hebrews due to cultural customs, and Joseph ate alone because of his high position. The brothers were seated in order of their ages, from oldest to youngest, which amazed them since they couldn't understand how this Egyptian official would know their birth order. Joseph sent portions from his table to his brothers, and Benjamin received five times as much as the others. Despite their initial fears, the brothers enjoyed their meal and the time with Joseph, not yet realizing they were dining with their long-lost brother.