By 1935 the material conditions of the average America were still unacceptably low and millions had no hope of private employment. Help was on the way though, and FDR would spare no expense in making the new Works Progress Administration a success.

Bibliography for this episode:

1. Taylor, Nick American Made, The Enduring Legacy of the WPA: When FDR Put the Nation to Work Bantam Books 2008
2. Kennedy, David M. Freedom From Fear: The American People in Depression and War 1929-1945 Oxford University Press 1999
3. Hiltzik, Michael The New Deal: A Modern History Simon and Schuster 2011
4. Schlesinger Jr, Arthur M. The Politics of Upheaval 1935-1936: The Age of Roosevelt Volume III First Mariner Books 2003
5. Katznelson, Ira Fear Itself: The New Deal and the Origins of Our Time W.W. Norton and Company, Inc 2013
6. Smith, Jason Scott A Concise History of the New Deal Cambridge University Press 2014
7. Leuchtenburg, William E. Franklin D. Roosevelt and the New Deal 1932-1940 Harper-Perennial 1963

Questions? Comments? Email me at peaceintheirtime@gmail.com

The next round of advancing worker power during the New Deal saw organized labor's allies in Congress successfully secure their right to organize. And a massive split in the labor movement would set the stage for a quick to materialize test of those new rights.

Bibliography for this episode:

1. Dray, Philip There is Power in Union: The Epic Story of Labor in America Anchor Books 2010
2. Kennedy, David M. Freedom From Fear: The American People in Depression and War 1929-1945 Oxford University Press 1999
3. Hiltzik, Michael The New Deal: A Modern History Simon and Schuster 2011
4. Schlesinger Jr, Arthur M. The Coming of the New Deal 1933-1935: The Age of Roosevelt Volume II First Mariner Books 2003
5. Schlesinger Jr, Arthur M. The Politics of Upheaval 1935-1936: The Age of Roosevelt Volume III First Mariner Books 2003
6. Katznelson, Ira Fear Itself: The New Deal and the Origins of Our Time W.W. Norton and Company, Inc 2013
7. Smith, Jason Scott A Concise History of the New Deal Cambridge University Press 2014
8. Leuchtenburg, William E. Franklin D. Roosevelt and the New Deal 1932-1940 Harper-Perennial 1963

Questions? Comments? Email me at peaceintheirtime@gmail.com

FDR didn't call it the cornerstone for nothing.

Bibliography for this episode:

1. Kennedy, David M. Freedom From Fear: The American People in Depression and War 1929-1945 Oxford University Press 1999
2. Hiltzik, Michael The New Deal: A Modern History Simon and Schuster 2011
3. Schlesinger Jr, Arthur M. The Coming of the New Deal 1933-1935: The Age of Roosevelt Volume II First Mariner Books 2003
4. Schlesinger Jr, Arthur M. The Politics of Upheaval 1935-1936: The Age of Roosevelt Volume III First Mariner Books 2003
5. Katznelson, Ira Fear Itself: The New Deal and the Origins of Our Time W.W. Norton and Company, Inc 2013
6. Smith, Jason Scott A Concise History of the New Deal Cambridge University Press 2014

Questions? Comments? Email me at peaceintheirtime@gmail.com

Today is the start of the New Deal's second chapter, and I cover the lay of the land before getting in deep with some of the era's greatest reforms.

Bibliography for this episode:

1. Kennedy, David M. Freedom From Fear: The American People in Depression and War 1929-1945 Oxford University Press 1999
2. Hiltzik, Michael The New Deal: A Modern History Simon and Schuster 2011
3. Schlesinger Jr, Arthur M. The Coming of the New Deal 1933-1935: The Age of Roosevelt Volume II First Mariner Books 2003
4. Schlesinger Jr, Arthur M. The Politics of Upheaval 1935-1936: The Age of Roosevelt Volume III First Mariner Books 2003
5. Katznelson, Ira Fear Itself: The New Deal and the Origins of Our Time W.W. Norton and Company, Inc 2013
6. Smith, Jason Scott A Concise History of the New Deal Cambridge University Press 2014

Questions? Comments? Email me at peaceintheirtime@gmail.com

The saga finally concludes and the Second Spanish Republic is destroyed. Its demise started with an army coup and it ended with one too.

Bibliography for this episode:

1. Jackson, Gabriel The Spanish Republic and the Civil War, 1931-39 Princeton University Press 1965
2. Preston, Paul The Spanish Civil War: Reaction, Revolution, and Revenge Harper Perennial 2006
3. Thomas, Hugh The Spanish Civil War Modern Library 2001
4. Beevor, Antony The Battle for Spain: The Spanish Civil War 1936-1939 Penguin Books 2006
5. Preston, Paul A People Betrayed: A History of Corruption, Political Incompetence, and Social Division in Modern Spain 1874-2018 William Collins 2020
6. Seidman, Michael The Victorious Counterrevolution: The Nationalist Effort in the Spanish Civil War University of Wisconsin Press 2011

Questions? Comments? Email me at peaceintheirtime@gmail.com

The fall of Catalonia wasn't much of a fight, and its loss set off a scramble to try and set the terms for the winding down of the war.

Bibliography for this episode:

1. Jackson, Gabriel The Spanish Republic and the Civil War, 1931-39 Princeton University Press 1965
2. Preston, Paul The Spanish Civil War: Reaction, Revolution, and Revenge Harper Perennial 2006
3. Thomas, Hugh The Spanish Civil War Modern Library 2001
4. Beevor, Antony The Battle for Spain: The Spanish Civil War 1936-1939 Penguin Books 2006
5. Preston, Paul A People Betrayed: A History of Corruption, Political Incompetence, and Social Division in Modern Spain 1874-2018 William Collins 2020

Questions? Comments? Email me at peaceintheirtime@gmail.com

I'm entering the endgame of the SCW, and today I cover the last Republican offensive, the Battle of the Ebro. Fun bonus are the half-hearted machinations going on behind the scenes to try and negotiate a peace. If my voice sounds weird today I'm recovering from a pretty dire illness so hopefully it doesn't sound too terrible!

Bibliography for this episode:

1. Jackson, Gabriel The Spanish Republic and the Civil War, 1931-39 Princeton University Press 1965
2. Preston, Paul The Spanish Civil War: Reaction, Revolution, and Revenge Harper Perennial 2006
3. Thomas, Hugh The Spanish Civil War Modern Library 2001
4. Beevor, Antony The Battle for Spain: The Spanish Civil War 1936-1939 Penguin Books 2006
5. Preston, Paul A People Betrayed: A History of Corruption, Political Incompetence, and Social Division in Modern Spain 1874-2018 William Collins 2020

Questions? Comments? Email me at peaceintheirtime@gmail.com

I conclude my coverage on the violent quest for internal order in the two zones of Spain.

Bibliography for this episode:

1. Seidman, Michael The Victorious Counterrevolution: The Nationalist Effort in the Spanish Civil War University of Wisconsin Press 2011
2. Preston, Paul The Spanish Civil War: Reaction, Revolution, and Revenge Harper Perennial 2006
3. Preston, Paul Architects of Terror: Paranoia, Conspiracy, and Anti-Semitism in Franco's Spain Harper Collins 2023
4. Ruiz, Julius The "Red Terror" and the Spanish Civil War: Revolutionary Violence in Madrid Cambridge University Press 2014

Questions? Comments? Email me at peaceintheirtime@gmail.com