Today we are talking about one of the most unique languages I've ever come across. SNOBOL emerges from the early days of programming. It's first compiler is implemented on the back of an envelope. It only has one data type, and only one format for every line of code. It's the bane of Chester, and center of an office drama! What's not to love?

Selected sources:

https://dl.acm.org/doi/epdf/10.1145/960118.808393 - Griswold's history of SNOBOL

https://dl.acm.org/doi/epdf/10.1145/321203.321207 - THE SNOBOL1 Paper

We are getting back to the actual digital family tree. In 1937 George Stibitz built a tiny binary adding circuit on his kitchen table using scraps he "liberated" from his job at Bell Labs. In 1940 he demonstrated a machine he called a computer. That research forms one of the foundations of modern computing. It also forms a weird temporal phenomenon that I have yet to name. Maybe the Curse of '37?

Selected Sources:

Zeroth Generation by George Stibitz (NOW WITH A 2nd EDITION!)

http://www.bitsavers.org/magazines/Datamation/196704.pdf - Stibitz in Datamation

Hybrid computers are composed of a digital computer linked to an analog computer. That leads to an interesting challenge: how do you write software for one of these things? The analog side actively resists programming, while the digital side can't comprehend of continuous values. In the 1960s specialized languages appeared that tried to bridge this divide. And, I assure you, they are not at all like what you would expect.