Regulating the Algorithm is a clear, practical guide to the fast-moving world of AI laws in the UK, EU, and United States. Written in plain language for business leaders, policy teams, lawyers, technologists, founders, and anyone who needs to turn principles into practice, it cuts through hype and legal jargon to explain what the new rules actually mean, why they were created, and how to comply without slowing innovation. Julian Vexley shows how three competing models are reshaping the global landscape: Europe’s risk-based AI Act, the United Kingdom’s pro-innovation, regulator-led approach, and the United States’ patchwork of executive orders, federal agency guidance, and ambitious state laws. You will learn how these frameworks define high-risk systems, mandate transparency, demand human oversight, govern data and model documentation, and draw hard lines around unacceptable uses. Just as important, you will see where the regimes overlap, where they diverge, and where the grey areas hide.

The book begins with why regulation is needed now, grounding the debate in real impacts: bias and discrimination, safety and reliability, deepfakes and misinformation, privacy and surveillance, IP and model training, security and export controls, liability and accountability. From there, Vexley maps each jurisdiction in turn. The EU chapters explain obligations across the AI lifecycle, conformity assessment, post-market monitoring, incident reporting, and penalties. The UK chapters translate high-level principles into the day-to-day expectations of sector regulators and show how “responsible innovation” works in practice. The US chapters decode federal directives and agency playbooks while making sense of state-level rules on biometrics, automated decision systems, privacy, and transparency.