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Judgement at Tokyo

World War II on Trial and the Making of Modern Asia

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A FINALIST FOR THE 2024 CUNDILL HISTORY PRIZE
LONGLISTED FOR THE 2024 BAILLIE GIFFORD PRIZE
A Best Book of the Year in The Economist, Prospect, The Telegraph, TLS, The New York Times, The Washington Post, The New Yorker, and Foreign Affairs

'Magisterial'
– Max Hastings, The Sunday Times
'Monumental' – Rana Mitter, Times Literary Supplement

'Every so often, a new work emerges of such immense scholarship and weight that it really does add a significant difference to our understanding of the Second World War and its consequences. Judgement at Tokyo is one such, a monumental work in both scale and detail, beautifully constructed and written, leaving the reader not only moved but disturbed as well.' – James Holland, The Sunday Telegraph

'A work of singular importance . . . balanced, original, human, accessible, and riveting' – Philippe Sands, author of East-West Street

A landmark history of the postwar trials of Japan’s leaders as war criminals, and their impact on the modern history of Asia and the world.

In the weeks after Japan finally surrendered to the Allies to end World War II, the victorious powers turned to the question of how to move on from years of carnage and destruction. For the Allied powers, the trials were an opportunity both to render judgment on their vanquished foes and to create a legal framework to prosecute war crimes and prohibit the use of aggressive war. For the Japanese leaders on trial, it was their chance to argue that their war had been waged to liberate Asia from Western imperialism and that the court was no more than victors’ justice.

Gary J. Bass' Judgement at Tokyo is a magnificent, riveting story of wartime action, dramatic courtroom battles, and the epic formative years that set the stage for the postwar era in the Asia–Pacific.

'A comprehensive, landmark and riveting book' The Washington Post, 'The 10 Best Books of 2023'
'Breathtakingly ambitious and unlikely to be bettered as a portrait of the trials and their place in postwar global history' History Today

Asia Japan Law Military Politics & Government War & Crisis Imperialism War Imperial Japan China

Critic reviews

This important book . . . Magisterial (Max Hastings, The Sunday Times)
Every so often, a new work emerges of such immense scholarship and weight that it really does add a significant difference to our understanding of the Second World War and its consequences. Judgement in Tokyo is one such, a monumental work in both scale and detail, beautifully constructed and written, leaving the reader not only moved but disturbed as well. (James Holland, The Sunday Telegraph)
With impeccable scholarship and lucid writing, this is a magnificent book on an aspect of Asian history that has far-reaching repercussions today (The Judges of the Baillie Gifford Prize for Non-Fiction)
The word 'monumental' is used by reviewers rather too often, but in this case it is entirely deserved . . . Outstanding and detailed . . . Compelling and deeply humane
A work of singular importance – balanced, original, human, accessible, and riveting. It is of huge relevance to our times. (Philippe Sands, author of East-West Street)
Magisterial . . . A well-crafted, warts-and-all account from which almost no one emerges unscathed.
A meticulously researched and authoritative account (The Economist, 'The Best Books of 2023')
Bass has written a massively long and detailed book, always lively and judgmental. He brings out not only the legal arguments, but the colour of the great tribunal itself.
This magisterial account – long but never sprawling; thick with detail yet always engrossing . . . This is a breathtakingly ambitious and well-executed piece of history, unlikely to be bettered as a portrait of the trials and their place in postwar global history. (Christopher Harding, History Today)
Fascinating (The New Yorker, 'Best Books of 2023')
Comprehensive, landmark and riveting . . . Bass employs the complexities of the trial as a fulcrum to sketch a wide canvas. . . . Fascinating (The Washington Post, 'The 10 Best Books of 2023')
Immersive (The New York Times, 'Notable Books of 2023')
Magnificent . . . Vivid . . . Profound
Magisterial . . . Bass is a marvelous writer.
In this superb work of transnational history, Gary Bass uses the Tokyo trial to illuminate the making of the modern world. (Ramachandra Guha, author of India After Gandhi)
To understand the dynamics of post-World War II Asia, Gary Bass’s Judgement at Tokyo is fascinating, essential reading. (Barbara Demick, Baillie Gifford prize-winning author of Nothing to Envy: Ordinary Lives in North Korea)
Gary Bass has written nothing less than a masterpiece. With epic research and mesmerizing narrative power, Judgement at Tokyo has the makings of an instant classic. (Evan Osnos, US National Book Award-winning author of Age of Ambition: Chasing Fortune, Truth, and Faith in the New China)
All stars
Most relevant
Listening to Gary J. Bass’s Judgment at Tokyo on Audible has been one of the most powerful and thought-provoking experiences I’ve had with a history book in years. I’d always known the Tokyo War Crimes Trials took place after World War II, but I hadn’t realised just how complex, political, and deeply human that story really was until I heard it told here.

What It’s About

Bass tells the story of the International Military Tribunal for the Far East — the “other Nuremberg” — where Japan’s wartime leaders were put on trial. Through his detailed research, he unpacks not only the crimes themselves but also the fierce debates about what justice should look like after such devastation. Listening to it, I found myself drawn into the clash of ideals, egos, and national interests that shaped the trial.

You get vivid portraits of figures like General Douglas MacArthur, who oversaw the entire process; Radhabinod Pal, the Indian judge who rejected the legitimacy of the tribunal; and the many prosecutors and defence lawyers struggling to define “crimes against peace” in a world still reeling from war.

Why It’s So Engaging

As a listener, what struck me most was how Bass balances storytelling with scholarship. The narration captures the solemnity and tension of the courtroom, and Bass’s writing gives a real sense of moral urgency. It’s not just a book about who was guilty or innocent — it’s about how the world tried, for the first time, to use law to make sense of unimaginable cruelty.

There’s something powerful about hearing it rather than reading it. The audiobook gives space for the gravity of the arguments to sink in. The pauses, the tone shifts, and the emotional weight of witness testimony make it feel less like reading history and more like sitting in the gallery of the courtroom itself.

What Stayed With Me

Bass doesn’t let anyone off easily. He exposes the contradictions of Allied justice — how colonial powers tried Japanese leaders for crimes they themselves had committed elsewhere — and he explores how Cold War politics began to shape the pursuit of justice even before the ink on the peace treaties was dry.

I found myself reflecting on the sheer ambition of the trial: the attempt to build an international legal order out of the ashes of empire. It’s both inspiring and unsettling. The book leaves you asking uncomfortable but necessary questions about who gets to define justice — and for whose benefit.

My Takeaway

Judgment at Tokyo is long and demanding, but it rewards every minute. It’s part legal drama, part political history, and part moral inquiry. What I appreciated most was how it reminded me that the story of post-war justice isn’t just a European one; it was fought over and defined in Asia too.

For anyone who enjoyed works like Nuremberg: Infamy on Trial or East West Street, this is essential listening — a work that’s both monumental and deeply human.

Justice, Memory, and Power: Reading Judgment at Tokyo

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A detailed examination of the Tokyo Trials, the book gives a great background on the participants - defendants, judges and the parties seeking to prosecute the case.

The narrative skillfully weaves between accounts of incidents, testimonies and the judicial infighting at each stage of the trial. The aftermath is explored, contextualising some of the current geopolitical landscape, examining whether the trials were effective in highlighting wrongdoing and evoking change.

Thorough, informative and interesting

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A long and engrossing account. Excellent narration. The book is impaired by a few glaring repititions of quotes and source material.

Fascinating history

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Brilliant book that gives an extraordinary insight into the inner workings of the main protagonists of the trial . Brilliant narration as well.

Great book

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Very interesting to learn in detail the story of the trials, the background and the consequences. To me it very much reinforced up my impression that the war criminals in Japan were treated far too leniently, largely because of the USA

Fascinating

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