This episode explores one of the most pivotal transitions in American history: How the Second Continental Congress moved from hoping for reconciliation with King George III to boldly declaring independence in the summer of 1776. With the 250th anniversary of the Declaration of Independence approaching, Dr. Joel Penning joins us to unpack the fierce debates in Philadelphia, the surprising unity between northern and southern colonies, and the ideas that convinced reluctant delegates that separation was not only necessary but inevitable. We examine the shifting instructions from colonial assemblies, and what this moment reveals about compromise, courage, and the birth of a nation.

About Dr. Joel Penning

Dr. Penning started teaching history at Liberty in 2018. He received his B.A. in history at Clemson University, and his M.A. and Ph.D. from Northwestern University. In addition to Colorado, he has spent time living in Kansas, South Dakota, Illinois, South Carolina, Australia, and Italy. When not in the classroom, he can usually be found with his nose in a book.

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